An introduction to the classification of cremation machine products in China, there are various methods of classifying cremation machines, Cremation Machine Classification Methods ,which are described as follows:
1. Classified by the fuel used in the cremation machine, there are three types:
A. Coal-fired cremation machines, using coal as fuel, are an outdated type of cremation machine. They have not been produced since the 1970s. These cremation machines cause severe pollution and do not meet the requirements for civilized cremation, and are mostly found in old, sparsely populated, border, and impoverished areas.
B. Oil-fired cremation machines, using light diesel oil as fuel, are widely popular, accounting for about 80% of the total number of cremation machines in China. These cremation machines are relatively safe and reliable, with good usage effects, and are not limited by geographical conditions. The commonly used light diesel oil is from 0# to 20#. The sulfur content of diesel is 0.2%, which should belong to the clean energy range for fixed combustion equipment (except for motor vehicles), and the fuel does not cause excessive environmental pollution.
C. Gas-fired cremation machines, mainly using city gas, natural gas, and liquefied petroleum gas as fuel. These cremation machines are only suitable for large and medium-sized cities or areas rich in gas fuel, and are used in a certain number in China at present. These cremation machines have a good working environment and cause less environmental pollution. However, special attention must be paid to gas leaks during use to prevent explosions or other safety accidents.
2. Classified by the structure of the cremation machine's furnace chamber into three types:
In terms of the "cremation machine" itself, cremation machines are mainly divided into two series: "Fixed Bed Cremation Machine" (Flat Panel Furnace) and "Moving Bed Cremation Machine" (Ash Picking Furnace).
The so-called "Fixed Bed Cremation Machine" is a cremation machine with a fixed furnace bottom (also known as "Flat Panel Furnace"). The corpse trolley places the body in the furnace chamber for cremation, and after the cremation is completed, the ashes are manually raked out from the furnace for cooling, then packed and sent to the bereaved relatives.
The so-called "Moving Bed Cremation Machine" refers to a cremation machine with a movable furnace bottom that supports the body (also known as "Ash Picking Furnace"). The movable furnace bottom (i.e., "Kang surface") places the body outside the furnace, and the corpse trolley simultaneously sends the body and Kang surface into the cremation furnace for incineration. After the incineration is completed, the ash trolley moves out of the cremation machine together with the Kang surface and ashes for cooling. The cooled ashes are more intact on the Kang surface and sent to the ash picking room for the bereaved relatives to collect the ashes according to their needs, hence the short name (Ash Picking Furnace).
3. Classified by the combustion method of the cremation machine into three types:
A. Single combustion cremation machine, this type of cremation machine has only one combustion chamber, i.e., the main furnace chamber. The smoke and dust and toxic harmful substances produced during the corpse incineration process are directly discharged into the atmosphere through the flue and chimney. Due to insufficient combustion, the emitted flue gas causes significant pollution to the atmosphere.
B. Re-combustion cremation machine, this type of cremation machine has two combustion chambers, i.e., the main combustion chamber and the re-combustion chamber. The main combustion chamber (main furnace chamber) is the place for corpse incineration, and the role of the re-combustion chamber is to burn the flue gas. This method can make the toxic harmful substances burn more fully, thereby reducing the pollution to the atmosphere. At present, this type of cremation machine is widely used in China. This is the same as the requirements for hazardous waste incineration furnaces and should be the direction of development.
C. Multi-combustion cremation machine, this type of cremation machine has more than two combustion chambers, i.e., the main combustion chamber, re-combustion chamber, and third combustion chamber, etc. Compared with the re-combustion chamber cremation machine, the flue gas stays in the furnace for a longer time and burns more fully. If equipped with dust removal and deodorization equipment, it can achieve harmless emission, which is more ideal, but its cost is quite high. At present, this type of cremation machine has started to be used in Japan, and only a few large and medium-sized cities in China are using this type of cremation machine.
4. Classified by the flue gas discharge method of the cremation machine:
A. Top flue gas discharge cremation machine, i.e., the flue gas is discharged from the main furnace chamber of the cremation machine upwards, through the re-combustion chamber metal pipeline and chimney into the atmosphere. The advantage is that the flue is convenient for maintenance, and it provides convenience for areas with high groundwater levels where it is not easy to build underground flues. However, this type of cremation machine has high metal pipeline costs and high energy consumption.
B. Bottom flue gas discharge cremation machine, i.e., the flue gas is discharged from the main furnace chamber of the cremation machine downwards, through the re-combustion chamber underground flue and chimney into the atmosphere. Most of the cremation machines used in China at present are of this type. Its characteristic is that the construction cost of the underground flue is low, the service life is long, the use and maintenance cost is low, and the flue gas stays in the flue for a longer time.
C. Side flue gas discharge cremation machine, i.e., the horizontal flue is on the side of the main furnace chamber of the cremation machine, and the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere after passing through the horizontal flue to the vertical flue. The overall layout of this type of cremation machine is not good, and it is now rarely used.
5. Special Flue Gas Desulfurization and Dust Removal Post-Treatment Equipment for Cremation Machines
In China, it is required to install special flue gas desulfurization and dust removal post-treatment equipment for cremation machines to purify the flue gas produced by the cremation machines. There are cremation machines with multiple combustion chambers and special flue gas post-treatment equipment, as well as computer-controlled fully automatic cremation machines without flue gas treatment equipment. The former includes a main combustion chamber, a re-combustion chamber (and a third combustion chamber), which ensures that the toxic, harmful, and odoriferous gases produced during the incineration process are fully combusted. They are equipped with flue gas heat exchangers, dust removers, and deodorizers, and other flue gas post-treatment equipment, enabling the pollutant emissions to meet the national first-class standards, with flue gas blackness close to Ringelmann Class 0. Essentially achieving harmless emissions. However, this type of cremation machine is large in size and expensive in price.
In areas where environmental protection requirements are relatively lenient, cremation machines utilize computer automation to control the entire incineration process, and the cremation machine is designed with multiple combustion stages to ensure that each stage of combustion is optimal. The pollutant emissions of this type of cremation machine can meet the national second-class standards, with no obvious black smoke or odor. This type of cremation machine is compact, aesthetically pleasing, and causes less environmental pollution.
Despite the various types of cremation machines, their basic structures are more or less similar. Generally speaking, the oil-fired cremation machines commonly used in China all include a furnace body, a wind and oil system, an electric control system, an emission system, and a corpse entry system.
